Common questions about the complications of scoliosis surgery

As with any operation, there are potential risks associated with spinal fusion. Most problems occur as a result of not having a solid fusion, which may result in implant failure (broken rod) and a need for more surgery. It is important to discuss all of these risks with your surgeon before your procedure.

Infection
Antibiotics are regularly given to the patient before, during, and often after surgery to lessen the risk of infections.

Bleeding
A certain amount of bleeding is expected, but this is not typically significant. A portion of the blood lost during surgery may be saved and given back to the patient. This is known as cell saver. It is not unusual for a patient having spine surgery to require a blood transfusion even if a cell saver is used.

Pain at graft site
A small percentage of patients will experience persistent pain at the bone graft site.

Pseudarthrosis
Older teenagers and adults who smoke are more likely to develop a pseudarthrosis. This is a condition where there is not enough bone formation. If this occurs, a second surgery may be needed in order to obtain a solid fusion.

Nerve damage
It is possible that the nerves or blood vessels may be injured during these operations. These complications are very rare.

Blood clots
Another uncommon complication is the formation of blood clots in the legs. These pose significant danger if they break off and travel to the lungs.

Lung complications
Problems with lung function following surgery are rare, especially for healthy teenagers.